ABSTRACT
In the initial 41 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus published in Lancet, elevated blood IL-10 cytokine data from these patients and four healthy subjects were presented as argument to not consider immunosuppressive therapy. We propose this is an erroneous interpretation of the cytokine measures, as parallel increases in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines indicate an intact immune axis and do not diminish the potential role of immunosuppression. We show data in healthy control subjects strong correlations between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and immunosuppressive therapies should be considered in 2019 novel coronavirus cases. Funding: This study was funded by NIH K01AG42498 (WW) and R01AG54046 (WTH). The funders have no role in the data analysis or manuscript preparation. Declaration of Interest: WTH has served as a consultant to ViveBio LLC, Biogen Inc., and AARP Inc.;received research support from Fujirebio USA;and has a patent on CSF-based diagnosis of FTLD-TDP (assigned to Emory University).
ABSTRACT
Among patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19), IgM levels increased early after symptom onset for those with mild and severe disease, but IgG levels increased early only in those with severe disease. A similar pattern was observed in a separate serosurveillance cohort. Mild COVID-19 should be investigated separately from severe COVID-19.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Immunoglobulin M/immunology , Severity of Illness Index , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , COVID-19/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Disease Progression , Female , Georgia , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pandemics , Prospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
In the initial 41 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus published in Lancet, elevated blood IL-10 cytokine data from these patients and four healthy subjects were presented as argument to not consider immunosuppressive therapy. We propose this is an erroneous interpretation of the cytokine measures, as parallel increases in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines indicate an intact immune axis and do not diminish the potential role of immunosuppression. We show data in healthy control subjects strong correlations between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and immunosuppressive therapies should be considered in 2019 novel coronavirus cases. Funding: This study was funded by NIH K01AG42498 (WW) and R01AG54046 (WTH). The funders have no role in the data analysis or manuscript preparation. Declaration of Interest: WTH has served as a consultant to ViveBio LLC, Biogen Inc., and AARP Inc.; received research support from Fujirebio USA; and has a patent on CSF-based diagnosis of FTLD-TDP (assigned to Emory University).